Population Aging and Social Welfare Systems: Policy Challenges in an Aging Society

Abstract

Population aging has become a major demographic trend affecting healthcare systems, labor markets, and social welfare policies across the world. This study examines the social and economic implications of increasing life expectancy and declining birth rates. It investigates challenges related to pension sustainability, elderly healthcare, long-term care services, and family support systems. Through comparative policy analysis and demographic data, the research identifies successful strategies adopted by aging societies. The findings suggest that integrated healthcare services, active aging programs, and sustainable pension reforms are essential for maintaining the quality of life of older adults while ensuring long-term economic stability.